from __future__ import annotations

import subprocess


def list_host_interfaces() -> list[str]:
    result = subprocess.run(
        ["ip", "-o", "link", "show"],
        capture_output=True,
        text=True,
        check=False,
    )
    if result.returncode != 0:
        raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to list interfaces: {result.stderr.strip()}")

    interfaces: list[str] = []
    seen = set()
    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
        parts = line.split(":", maxsplit=2)
        if len(parts) < 2:
            continue
        name = parts[1].strip().split("@", maxsplit=1)[0]
        if not name or name in seen:
            continue
        seen.add(name)
        interfaces.append(name)

    return interfaces